Liquid-liquid extraction is one of the separation technology used in industries. This process is quite different with distillation because it focuses on relative solubility of the species rather than volatility. Usually, extraction is more preferable than distillation for separation application that is not cost efficient and applicable for distillation. This experiment was carried out to determine the distribution coefficient and mass transfer coefficient of LLE. The sample collected from extraction equipment, namely raffinate, extract and feed were titrated with sodium hydroxide with different concentration. An indicator, phenolphthalein were added into the sample in order to detect alkaline ion. The sample is titrated until the solution turns light pink. The amount of 0.025M sodium hydroxide needed to turn the colourless feed, extract and raffinate solution to light pink were 253.8 mL, 52 mL and 4 mL respectively. While for 0.1M sodium hydroxide, the samples need 81.5 mL, 15.9 mL and 2.2 mL in the same order as mentioned previously. The mass transfer coefficients in 0.025M NaOH are 6.1402x10-3 m/min and 6.1632x10-3 m/min for K value 1.9272 and 1.8415 respectively. Meanwhile, for 0.1M NaOH, the mass transfer coefficients are 5.8451x10-3 m/min and 5.8620x10-3 m/min for K value 1.9272 and 1.8415 respectively. As the concentration of sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution and the distribution coefficient, K values increases, the mass transfer coefficient of propionic acid will decreases. The experiment is considered successful since all the objectives are successfully achieved. Turnitin : Percentage Similarity (18%)
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1.0 ABSTRACT Based on the experiment objectives, which is to conduct the simple experiments regarding liquid-liquid extraction and to determine the distribution of coefficient and mass transfer coefficient with the aqueous phase as the continuous medium through liquid-liquid extraction. This experiment is based on the solubility. First experiment, we used separators funnel to separate two solutions of different solubility and densities, and then titrate with 0.1M of NaOH. The values for distribution coefficient by titration with 0.1M are 3.36 in 1.0 ml of propionic acid, 2.70 in 3.0 ml propionic acid and 1.88 in 5.0 ml propionic acid. Second experiment, we used liquid-liquid extraction column to obtain feed, raffinate and extract samples. The samples were titrated with different of NaOH concentration (0.1M and 0.025M). The value of mass transfer coefficient from liquid-liquid extraction are; 0.242 mol/Lmin if titrated with 0.1M NaOH and 0.662 mol/Lmin if titrated with 0.025M NaOH. The experiment was completely and successfully done. 2.0 INTRODUCTION Liquid-liquid extraction also known as solvent extraction and partitioning is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubility in two different immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent (Propanoic Acid). It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid phase into another liquid phase. Liquid-liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a separator funnel. This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up. In other words, this is the separation of a substance from a mixture by preferentially dissolving that substance in a suitable solvent. By this process a soluble compound is usually separated from an insoluble compound. The basic principle behind extraction involves the contacting of a solution with another solvent that is immiscible with the original. The solvent is also soluble with a specific solute contained in the solution. The two phases are formed after the addition of the solvent, due to the differences in densities. The solvent is chosen so that the solute in the solution has more affinity toward the added solvent. Therefore, mass transfer of the solute from the solution to the solvent occurs. Further separation of the extracted solute and the solvent will be necessary. However, these separation costs may be desirable in contrast to distillation and other separation processes for situations where extraction is applicable.
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